I’m writing this post to consolidate my tips and observations about applying to STEM programs at UT and across the country into a single place. My intention is to help equip you with the tools and questions to become a better-informed consumer of college admissions information.

First, I address why STEM programs are so competitive, especially relative to non-STEM programs. Second, I highlight trends before providing advice for UT Computer Science, The Cockrell School of Engineering, and the College of Natural Sciences.

If you skip straight to the bottom without reading the first half, you will have a very incomplete understanding of the STEM admissions landscape. Knowing “how to” apply without understanding “why” won’t adequately inform you.

This post focuses exclusively on regular admission and not honors. Everything that applies for being competitive is the same for honors, only that the degree of Honors competition and selectively is even more extreme. There are no secret honors admissions insights other than to have low expectations for getting in.

— Kevin Martin | kevin@texadmissions.com

An Overview of STEM College Admissions Nationwide

College admissions across the nation have become substantially more competitive nationwide since COVID, particularly for STEM majors. UT is no exception.

To get one FAQ out of the way first: top 6% admissions DOES NOT guarantee UT STEM majors. These spaces are competitive for everyone, and there doesn’t need to be a 75/25 ratio of top 6% like for the university overall. Top 6% only guarantees Liberal Arts, Communications, Education, and Social Work. Years ago, Natural Sciences was guaranteed, and to a certain extent McCombs, but that hasn’t been the case for a long time.

A consequence of our society’s fascination and push toward STEM degrees means that there is WAY more consumer demand than classroom spaces that universities can supply, particularly at top 50 programs. UT received around 3,000 computer science applications in 2016, and it wouldn’t surprise me if that number has tripled or quadrupled in the past five years, based on trends from other similarly ranked universities that are transparent with their data.

When ~9,000-12,000 Texans want CS and the university has perhaps 500-600 incoming freshmen enrollment spaces, that means many highly qualified applicants will be left out. Even Texas A&M and UT-Dallas are rejecting legions of STEM students they would have certainly admitted in admissions cycles prior to COVID.

During the past two cycles, for the first time ever, I had clients scoring 1550/35+ ranking in the top 5% rejected to varied UT STEM majors, including biomedical engineering, computer science, and even less-known majors like neuroscience and environmental science. I’ve even had students in the top 10% scoring 1500+ rejected from majors with many spaces like biology and math who would have almost certainly gotten in before COVID.

It isn’t enough to merely be a top 2% student with a 1580 who is a varsity athlete or band member and not much else if you want computer science or a selective engineering major. You must have a deep and varied commitment to STEM activities, beginning ideally freshmen year or earlier. I had a student ranked 5 out of 1000 and a 36 ACT rejected to UT Biomedical Engineering (yet admitted to Rice Early Decision). I had multiple clients rank top 2% and 1550+ rejected to CS, some with decent STEM-related extracurriculars and skills.

These academically perfect students would be a shoo-in for regular admission in prior cycles, and our work focused on UT Honors and top 20 nationwide universities. I used to be able to adequately assess a STEM applicant based on their academics alone, but nowadays, I need to see their resume to forecast if they have a chance.

The primary takeaway for applicants: if you want a STEM major, it is absolutely essential to have relevant extracurricular experiences.

Families nowadays mostly accept that if your student has a 3.8 and a 31, you’re not getting into Stanford. They fail to realize that when the average admitted SAT Math is an 800 for Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Computer Science, for example, that means everyone competitive must have stellar resumes among an already perfect applicant pool.

For anyone less than exceptional, you’re better off saving your money on app fees and buying literal lottery tickets where your odds of a return on investment may be more favorable than the astronomically low chances of getting into top STEM programs with anything less than an exceptional application.

Great essays are essential for getting in, but they’re no guarantees. They might not compensate for anything less than stellar academics and a resume. Poor essays will sink even the most accomplished applicants. That’s one reason I have relatively high academic minimums for taking on clients. One of the most frustrating aspects of American college admissions is students don’t know what it takes to get in. In practice, Holistic Review means you need outstanding everything.

An OOS admitted UT-Austin Turing Honors client of mine with a perfect GPA and ACT and a strong STEM resume gained admission to three other top 20 CS universities along with a few excellent scholarships. They were also rejected by CMU, Illinois, various Ivy League schools, and the UCs, including San Diego. Another Turing admitted student had similar outcomes despite various nationwide STEM high-level achievements and flawless academics. I’m certain that both applicants would have gained admission to top 10 CS programs before the pandemic. Because competition is so intense, even the best applicants rarely gain admission to the majority of programs that they apply to.

You’re lucky to get into a single reach school, even when you apply to ten or more. Applicants have incentives to apply to twelve or more CS programs because there are few assurances of having success, which feeds into the increased competition. For example, UT-Austin occasionally denies applicants admitted to the Ivy League or equivalents. Gaining admission to one high reach doesn’t imply you have favorable chances at another – outcomes are inconsistent, variable, and, in practice, mostly, inexplicably random at top 50 universities.

My recommendation moving forward is not to apply to Stanford, Harvard, Princeton, MIT, Cal Tech, Carnegie Mellon, and similarly ranked CS programs unless you can afford the full cost of attendance and you have otherworldly credentials, as in you’re the greatest applicant your community has produced in living memory, or you’re a national and international champion in something STEM-related. These are the most time-consuming applications, and you’re wasting your time and money if you’re not a top student of the planet.

What was true of Ivy League and equivalent universities a generation ago - that they were tough but not unattainable - is increasingly the case for STEM programs at flagship public and STEM-oriented universities in states like Texas, California, Michigan, Washington, North Carolina, Georgia, and Virginia. Gaining admission as an out-of-state applicant is especially challenging. Many of these programs today, particularly for Honors, are more selective than Stanford or Princeton thirty years ago. When exasperated parents share with me that they can’t believe how much college admissions have changed since they applied, they’re remembering correctly.

One irony is it’s almost certain late-career admissions professionals wouldn’t have gained admission to their alma maters if they were applying today. I’m confident that most extremely high achieving applicants are more talented than the counselors reviewing their files. College admissions officers are generally well-meaning if painfully unremarkable. As a reference point, I was UT Admissions’s first and only Honors graduate to work in the office.

Given the highly competitive STEM landscape, “chancing” and assessing chances at most selective programs is largely a waste of time and an exercise in futility, as I argue in this Admissions Madness blog post.

No STEM applicant to prestigious programs is safe.

Below, I make my best-educated guess about which colleges/schools/majors are more or less competitive than the other. You’ll note that most STEM majors trend toward more competitive with non-STEM majors less so. I estimate the McCombs Business somewhere between Natural Sciences and Cockrell Engineering.

One reflection of this trend toward engineering and the sciences is a substantial increase in Medical School applicants. Before COVID, the rate of change may fluctuate two or three percentage points, but in the last med school app cycle, the number of applicants increased 18%. Similarly, despite record burnout and early retirements, Nursing school applications have risen by 15% since before COVID.

I lament that Holistic Review and “fit for major” incentivize students to specialize so early on. Students understandably feel pressure to commit themselves to interests and activities that may not appeal to them in order to pass through the admissions gatekeepers. Well-meaning parents and teachers reinforce this urgency, usually toward a few narrow career pathways like medicine and engineering. It isn’t enough to simply be a decent student and citizen anymore.

The Resume and Transcript arms race is where we are though, so if you have any inkling toward STEM, you need to begin exploring those interests as early as possible. If you decide during your junior or senior year you want STEM but don’t have the corresponding math and science profile, I suggest carefully assessing your expectations. You’re not going to get into UT CS even with perfect academics, although you may have a shot at Texas A&M or UTD.

This is not at all the kind of advice I would give pre-COVID - I don't think students and families need to surrender their interests and values entirely to the admissions gods - but the extreme competition for STEM spaces requires playing the game starting in middle school.

I loathe how college admissions incentives corrupt families, communities, schools, and value systems across our state and country, the focus of my recent book Surviving the College Admissions Madness. There is much I would change if I could wave a Magic College Admissions Wand.

Since COVID, more students are applying to more universities than ever. Common Application submissions increased by 11% during the first COVID year, when in previous years it may grow by a few percentage points. Googling admissions rate increases for any university in the top 100, and you’ll see increases anywhere from approximately 20% at UCLA to 60% at Harvard or even 100% at otherwise obscure Colgate.

I wrote the first version of this post in March 2022, and the recent admissions cycle suggests a substantial increase in STEM/CS applicants. A May 2023 Washington Post article covers the dramatic rise in Computer Science students at the University of Maryland, reflective of broader nationwide trends. Significantly more students are applying for STEM majors than non-STEM programs.

Historically less selective Auburn admitted 85% of their Early Action applicants. Since COVID, that number has dropped to 25%. It shocked me when a few of my clients were rejected. The Admissions Madness was largely contained to elite top 50 universities, but it seems the insecurities of rejection at highly selective universities trickle down to second and third-tier schools. Families need to re-evaluate their conceptions of which are match and safety schools.

UT STEM programs are not a safety for anyone.

Universities are to blame

One issue among many is a lack of transparency at most universities. We have no idea precisely how competitive a given program is because most Office of Admissions do not release or publish their data. That means the public cannot assess how competitive biomedical engineering is compared to biology or the relative competition between Electrical/Computer Engineering and CS. That requires observers like me to make their best-educated guesses that I visualized in the introductory line chart.

Another layer of uncertainty, particularly for UT College of Natural Sciences (CNS) applicants, is which majors are “impacted” or not. For most colleges and schools, UT makes decisions at the “college level,” meaning it doesn’t matter whether you apply for biology or nutrition in CNS. Enrollment managers for most but not all majors allocate spaces among CNS applicants generally.

However, there are exceptions. It is certain that UT computer science is separated out with CS applicants evaluated against one another. It is less clear whether other in-demand majors like neuroscience of environmental science are also evaluated at the major level. It could be the case that all CNS applicants are compared against others with the same first-choice major, like how all Engineering majors are evaluated at the major level, but we have no way to know.

Similarly, in the College of Liberal Arts, I have reason to believe that the most in-demand majors Psychology and Economics are evaluated at the major level, so it might matter which major you choose, and it might not. There may be other small programs like Urban Studies and Environmental Science that are also separated out, particularly in transfer admissions. Moody Communications might also separate out the most popular majors Radio-Television-Film and PR/Advertising, but it’s unknowable.

Students with varied interests have a stake in accessing this data because they may want to hedge their bets by applying to a comparatively less risky major if they’re outside of the top 6% and the main priority is UT enrollment irrespective of their major.

Moreover, your second choice selection on Apply Texas is highly unlikely to be offered - it’s an anachronism from a decade ago. Nowadays, it remains primarily to allow students to apply for multiple honors programs with the consequence of confusion for thousands of families. Lack of transparency around UT’s first/second-choice major system perplexes thousands of families each cycle.

Since many universities like UT pigeonhole students into a first-choice major and make it difficult to change their major once they arrive on campus, it isn’t enough for most families to merely gain admission. They also need their desired major.

Check out this post “internal transfers seem really unfair for unsure new students” among many current UT students on Reddit lamenting the difficulty of changing majors. The takeaway then is if you want a STEM major yet are not offered it as a high school senior, strongly reconsider enrolling at UT.

This raises a larger point about a lack of accountability to the public. I’ve heard directly from admissions counselors that they feel the general public can’t handle the information, not unlike the very mixed messaging by US entities and institutions throughout the pandemic. When I worked for UT, I was trained to tell families the numbers don’t matter. They even stressed that we must deceive about all majors being “equally competitive.”

Infantilizing of the public by university bureaucracies and their public relations/communications teams will be a common theme throughout your admissions process. Official social media channels like Youtube, Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook are finely manicured, mostly unhelpful university promotional pieces.

Get used to being in the dark during the most consequential application of your life. University bureaucracies hold all of the power, and you’re at their mercy. They’re not interested in informing, only persuading you to apply and probably get rejected for the privilege of paying six figures for their higher education services of which they have an accreditation monopoly.

Can you imagine a car dealership that rejects three in every four buyers willing to finance a luxury car?

I’ve worked with and observed over ten UT admissions cycles, and not a single one has proceeded smoothly. They’re all littered with miscues, errors, and unnecessary obfuscations. Admissions gatekeepers are not infallible, omniscient gods.

I argue in an Admissions Madness blog post that elite universities are unlikely to change their ways.

The information the public most wants isn't accessible, which is why unaffiliated blogs like mine are so popular. The more than $2 billion college consulting industry responds to the inefficiencies and incentives that universities themselves create. Understand that Offices of Admissions and Enrollment Management are glorified sales teams, not the tax-subsidized institutions that are supposed to be accountable to the public. They artificially keep their program spaces small to maintain or elevate their prestige.

Rolexes are unremarkable if they cost $100 and everyone has one. Likewise, Harvard maintains its hold on our collective consciousness by graduating less than 2,000 students each year since the 1920s. UT has expanded its incoming class size by around 1,400 since 2007 from ~7,200 to 8,600. Rice has committed to increasing their enrollment by 20% over the coming years, but it isn’t enough to keep up with the demand for STEM degrees while balancing concerns about diluting educational quality.

However, in many cases, rapidly increasing demand outstrips a university’s theoretical capacity to supply spaces, particularly for computer science and engineering. Universities struggle to hire and retain enough qualified computer science instructors who follow lucrative compensation packages in the private sector. Decreased state and federal funding and institutional support also stretches thin a university’s resources.

Consider the perspective of a long-time computer science lecturer Nicholas Weaver at California-Berkeley who warns that “their CS department is on the verge of collapse.” Berkeley struggles to accommodate their CS students with enough class spaces, let alone the many hundreds who attempt an internal transfer after arriving on campus.

The New York Times published an investigative piece about struggling to find spaces in CS classes required to graduate, featuring UT-Austin CS in particular. Getting in is only the start of many computer science students’ woes. Some intro CS classes, even at prestigious universities like Carnegie Mellon, might top more than 500 students. And this was happening before COVID and has since amplified due to staff shortages and record numbers of university applications. Imagine paying $70,000 in annual tuition to not get classes you need to continue the degree sequence. There are few options to remedy the situation, and none of them are student-friendly.

Nevertheless, as I argue in my recent book Surviving the College Admissions Madness, elite universities do not care about you.

The STEM/Non-STEM Bifurcation

Within this rising tide of applicant numbers, admissions rates for STEM programs are decreasing significantly relative to non-STEM programs. The STEM/Non-STEM bifurcation is a forking or splitting within universities between their most in-demand majors and the less popular ones.

Unless a university like Carnegie Mellon explicitly publishes its admissions rates and middle 50% academics by major, and most universities, including UT, do not provide this data beyond the federally mandated “Common Data Sets,” it is impossible to know the true selectivity for your desired program. As a STEM applicant, you can safely assume your admissions experience is more challenging than for most non-STEM students.

One complicating factor discussing Admissions Rates is that most universities have many parallel enrollment management processes running at the same time. At UT, it is obvious that non-STEM majors like Communications, Liberal Arts, Education, and Social Work are substantially less competitive than the university median. When UT is admitting 17,000 or so students, they must forecast within a small margin of error which admitted students from what majors are likely to enroll.

Applicants ranking in the top quarter scoring 1300 routinely get into these programs whereas essentially nobody with those stats is gaining admission to the natural sciences or most engineering majors, barring extreme luck or special circumstances.

The first question I encourage you to ask when your friend got in with a lower rank and SAT is to ask what major they applied to. More times than not, family gossip compares STEM apples with non-STEM oranges.

When you’re applying to a university, you’re actually submitting an application to one of many of these parallel, shadow admissions systems that need a certain amount of athletes, majors, diversity, band, legacy, professor’s/donor’s kids, etc. Scrutinizing Naviance Scatterplots or other data is mostly a waste of time because they don’t disaggregate the data, often only plotting GPA and test scores without regard to major, resumes, or essays.

Even for a school like Rice or Stanford that considers your proposed major but doesn’t explicitly admit a quota of computer scientists or engineers, it is certain that applying for a STEM major is much harder than if you wanted anthropology or communications. Non-STEM applicants have it comparatively easier when applying to top 50 universities than their STEM counterparts.

This bifurcation looks different at every university, and there may be multiple forks (like within CMU’s Fine Arts programs that admit less than 5% of their applicants) depending on their offerings and program prestige. When universities that don’t lock you into a major say they don’t weigh or consider your proposed major, they’re bullshitting you.

Stanford and Rice are never going to admit four-fifths of their incoming class as computer scientists and engineers because that would crowd out non-STEM students who their universities also accommodate, even if the overwhelming majority of their applicants want STEM majors. Gaining admission to English Literature at any university will always be less selective no matter what their official sources tell you.

For STEM-predominant universities like Cal Tech and MIT, average SAT/GPA stats are essentially meaningless. Unless you know one of their admitted students personally, you won’t have much of an idea of just how exceptionally, phenomenally, ridiculously accomplished the average MIT admit is. Unless you have national and international level accomplishments alongside perfect academics, don’t even bother applying to STEM programs at top 10 universities. You would be floored to see the portfolios and credentials of their denied applicants, let alone the admits.

Families with STEM applicants often drastically underestimate the competition landscape. Especially for CS and CS-adjacent majors like computer engineering at top 20 universities, it is very hard to get in, even for top applicants.

When I caution parents that their top 10% student with a 1480 and a thin STEM resume has virtually no chance of gaining admission to UT CS, they’re appalled. They argue with me. I don’t understand that their child is special, they assert. Then, unsurprisingly, I don’t hear back from them in January when their child was almost certainly denied.

I love when people surprise me with unexpected admitted student reports with below-average portfolios, but they’re one out of a hundred for those I’m pretty sure won’t get in. College admissions is as much about luck as anything you do as an applicant. I’m more cautious and careful than ever to not inflate expectations with my STEM admissions assessments.

What families fail to realize is there are tens of thousands of highly qualified applicants, most of whom will be denied their top choices. Students denied from CMU, MIT, Princeton, Stanford, and so on are often the ones that UT will admit.

Being the best CS kid in a mediocre school doesn’t mean much when you’re competing against a worldwide talent pool and against top high schools with resources and endowments that rival regional universities. Houston’s prestigious Kinkaid college prep’s endowment is $68,000 per pupil, more than six times the spending per pupil for nearby urban school districts.

Below-average students at these prestigious schools routinely gained admission to their preferred universities 15 years ago when UT admitted two-thirds of their applicants, but not anymore. Rejections from UT cascade down to Texas A&M, TAMU rejections end up at UTD, denials from UTD enroll at Texas State, and so on down the selectivity ladder.

Now that even students from Kinkaid and Strake Jesuit, or high-resource suburban schools in Katy and the Woodlands, are routinely rejected from UT-Austin, Elite America is waking up to the shifting college admissions landscape. Services and blogs like mine become more in-demand with increasing competition and decreasing bureaucratic transparency.

Institutions who claim to value diversity and accessibility stand in stark contrast to the reality that top 50 universities are largely the domains of wealthy, highly-educated families. Not only are there record low numbers of African American and first-generation enrollment at top 50 universities since before the 1960s Civil Rights movement, particularly in STEM, but the elite and affluent are also increasingly locked out of admissions spaces. Almost everyone loses, except for ballooning university endowment portfolios.

As NYU Professor Scott Galloway says, many prestigious institutions are hedge funds with universities attached. However, one step in the right direction toward making UT more accessible is their new ATP program for CS that I discuss further down.

I have a 30,000-foot view of college admissions while families have, at best, a sample size of a few dozen family friends and classmates in AP and Honors. Although my client data is limited, since most of my clients have top 5% rank and test scores, and I can control the essay variable, it reveals the importance of the resume variable more clearly.

A STEM-oriented resume is a necessary condition for getting into CS and engineering for most applicants nowadays.

It is impossible to know the true admissions rates

Furthermore, even somewhat transparent institutions like CMU do not disaggregate their data based on early action/decision, legacy, diversity, athlete, donors, and so on. So, even if you know that CMU admits only 7% of their CS applicants, you don’t know your chances if you’re an unhooked regular decision applicant.

CMU’s overall admissions rate is around 11%, but unless you access this PDF, you don’t know that some majors admit as many as a third of their applicants while others like CS only a twelfth. Interestingly, CMU’s engineering admissions rate is pretty favorable, admitting one and four applicants.

Put another way. If Rice’s overall admissions rate is 8%, and their early decision admissions rate is around 16%, for unhooked, high-income STEM majors applying regular decision, you should assume your demographic’s admissions rate is substantially lower than the 8% published rate. The odds are probably more like one in 20 or 25. Except for the most exceptional applicants, you’re wasting your time applying regular decision at top 20 STEM programs. Buy lottery tickets with your app fees instead.

Furthermore, checking out the University of Illinois’s overall admissions rate (45%) disguises that their Computer Science admissions rate hovers around 7%. Out-of-state students applying for CS at the University of Washington-Seattle are admitted at a 3% (lower than Stanford’s overall!!) rate despite an overall 48% admissions rate. A UT-Austin out-of-state applicant with college-educated parents has no way of knowing the admissions rate of CS, only that it is more or substantially more competitive than a comparable in-state student. Googling Illinois’s, UW’s, or UT-Austin’s admissions rates will unknowingly mislead you.

As an applicant, it is important to research your varied programs and try to find the incomplete admissions data to assess whether to apply early decision or opt for Applied Math rather than CS, for example. I suggest applying for varied programs at your different universities rather than submitting applicants to 14 different CS programs.

Here is a list of many unconventional questions to consider asking admissions officials.

I also share best practices and rules of thumb for building a reasonable college list.

But what about Business? Isn’t it as competitive as STEM majors?

To a lesser extent, Business is also competitive at UT and universities nationwide, more so than non-STEM majors generally but almost always less so than computer science or engineering. However, those applicant numbers and enrollment spaces have remained mostly stable or have increased linearly over the past decade. There hasn’t been a corresponding exponential growth of business applicants like we see with CS and engineering.

For example, UT Business Honors has received around 2,000 applicants and admitted ~300 students since I started in admissions in 2011, whereas computer science applications have increased at least 1500% in the same period. I share tips for applying for BHP and McCombs in this post.

Nevertheless, if you want to major in business, it is essential to have relevant experiences like DECA, internships, work experience, business class electives, summer camps, independent study courses, and/or non-business leadership/officer positions.

Using CMU again as an example, admission to the Tepper School of Business is 23%, a better rate than their university average. Of course, applying to the world’s top-ranked school Wharton at UPenn is likely substantially more difficult than their university average. You can safely assume applying to business at Penn is more competitive than their mediocre engineering programs. Likewise, for universities with very highly ranked business programs relative to their overall or STEM prestige, like USC, Northwestern, or Michigan, then Business selectively may behave similarly to STEM program admissions.

As an aside, ten years ago, computer science was essentially open enrollment, with Petroleum Engineering as UT’s most selective and demanded major when oil was around $100 a barrel. Applications notably dropped following the BP Gulf Oil catastrophe and financial crisis that cratered energy prices.

I largely exclude business from this post because it isn’t part of this emerging disequilibrium I’ve identified between the supply and demand of STEM university spaces. Consequently, trends in society and public discourse influence what majors appeal to which students. When Elon Musk and SpaceX launched their first rockets and transferred some operations to Texas, Aerospace Engineering numbers that cycle increased substantially before leveling off in recent years.

One reason college admissions is such a mess is that holistic review is bullshit, as I argue in the video below. Nobody knows what it takes to get in, and universities themselves don’t have consistent admissions standards and review procedures.

Applying to UT-Austin Computer Science

UT-Austin Computer Science is extraordinarily competitive. Almost everyone who applies will be rejected.

With the exception of maybe Nursing, Architecture, or Electrical/Computer and Biomedical Engineering, it is UT’s most competitive and in-demand program. You need to be, almost at a minimum, top 5% with a 1500 SAT to have a shot. There may be some students with slightly lower academic profiles admitted if they have national/international/exceptional resume achievements and/or Powerball-levels of luck, but your chances will be very low nonetheless.

If you have to ask whether you’re an exceptional talent compared to a global applicant pool, it’s harsh, but you probably aren’t.

As I mention in the intro, we have no way to tell just how selective CS is. Acknowledging how hard it is, a common FAQ families ask is, “Ah ha! Well if CS is competitive, what if we apply to Computer or Electrical Engineering?” Failing to realize that thousands of families have precisely the same insight. Except for Informatics, and to a lesser extent Applied Math, any CS-adjacent major will be extremely competitive, given the demand within society and among employers for these skills. If you rank outside of the top 10%, I would strongly consider applying to something else like Informatics or applied math.

Reviewers are looking for a demonstrated commitment to activities and interests related to computer science. Because so many students apply, they can be selective about who they choose.

The reality is that, with access to a ton of independent study and resource options that are either free or inexpensive, today's teenager has access to way more opportunities than when I was applying to college. Admissions staff regularly sees applicants with a high level of competency, so it's important that you set yourself apart.

Like any other program, reviewers are looking for self-starters, students who can work independently and/or in groups, curiosity and passion about their future studies. Reviewers want to see that you spend your free time tinkering and exploring just because it will help your admissions chances but because you can't imagine doing anything else.

There is a huge range of successful kinds of Computer Science applicants, and most of them won't have a typical resume of leadership experience, volunteer hours, or your standard list of extracurricular activities. All things equal, independent study will almost always look more impressive than joining an organization or contributing to an already established project. Especially since COVID with ECs and competitions canceled, the relative lack of formal activities normalizes independent and self-study in the admissions review process.

Possible activities and information to include in your Apply Texas Essay A, UT Short Answers, and your expanded resume

This is not an exhaustive list, but it should give you an idea of some things to consider in your own portfolio based on what I've seen other successful applicants submit. You need to be as explicit as possible about:

• Which programming languages and software you know

• What resources you've used to learn and your level of competency (elementary, intermediate, proficient, expert)

• Any independent projects, applications, or games you've developed

• Leadership positions in niche or underrepresented communities like women in STEM or a Hispanic robotics team

• Advanced mathematics beyond high school calculus like linear algebra or differential equations

• STEM extracurricular activities like robotics, Technology Student Association, Science Olympiad, Intel ISEF, etc.

• Consider including your personal site if you want to give reviewers the chance to look at your work (they won't always do so)

• If you've conducted research with a professor, note any publications that may be in progress, the journal, and if you're a sole or co-author

• Unpaid internships or paid employment with technology companies or start-ups

• Certificates, open-source courses, or university credits you have earned and the approximate number of hours it took for completion

• Related community service or volunteer projects (like building a website for a non-profit, creating a record keeping software for an animal shelter, constructing and managing a mailing list, etc)

• Experience and/or demonstrated competency in graphic design, video editing, search engine optimization, online marketing, digital publishing, cryptocurrency, architectural/engineering/statistics software, music production, 3D printing

• Unconventional activities that are important to you but may be unfamiliar to your reviewers yet are important to you

• Special circumstances or obstacles you've overcome, i.e. not having AP Computer Science at your school, no access to mentors with relevant experience, starting your own club, not having internet at home

For activities or interests that are most interesting to you, consider spending at least some parts of your essays providing context why they interest you, how it helps shape your current and future academic/professional goals, and why you would be a good fit for your choice of major.

You should also consider discussing why UT-Austin specifically is a great fit for you. I suggest that you explicitly identify at least a few resources, student organizations, professors, research labs, upper-division coursework, and professional opportunities in Austin and why you are uniquely interested in UT. I share about incorporating “Why UT” statements in this post.

Many applicants competing for spaces at most selective universities nationwide don't do enough to say why they are applying besides just "it's ranked really high" and "it might make me a lot of money in the future." 

My clients have found success in gaining admission to UTCS, including ten Turing Scholars. 37 out of 64 CS clients have gained admission (58%) since 2017. Nevertheless, many talented ones are inevitably denied each cycle.

UT-Austin Computer Science Accelerated Transfer Program (ATP)

Starting for Fall 2021 enrollees, UT-Austin released a pilot program for the only direct-admission pathway into Computer Science, ATP. When I first heard of it, I honestly thought it was a weird scam, but it’s 100% legit. For fall 2022, they seem to have expanded the offering to significantly more students. It seems that select Texas residents ranking in the top 6% who were not offered CS have the opportunity to complete three core CS classes freshmen year with guaranteed admission into CS as a sophomore.

It’s unclear for the moment why some students are offered this program and others are not. It reminds me of PACE where a handful of applicants are randomly given the option without the university releasing the parameters for who is targeted. I suspect UT has some parameters (academics, diversity, first-gen, and/or low-income) for who they offer.

Unless UT CS is also significantly expanding the number of students they can accommodate - for a program that already has issues with overfilling classes and some students unable to get the ones they need - then I anticipate the new ATP program will make it harder or perhaps substantially more difficult to internal or external transfer. It is almost impossible to transfer into UT CS without straight A’s in very intensive STEM courses alongside a substantial STEM resume.

For students offered ATP, it seems like an awesome deal and one seriously worth considering. A client of mine whose parents do not have high school degrees and who has a tuition guarantee through Texas Advance, yet was in the top 2% of his class is, I imagine, the sort of student who is best served through this program. I appreciate that UT is making efforts toward increasing accessibility for their most in-demand majors.

This DOES NOT appear to be a program you can request or appeal into.

Relevant excerpt from the invitation:

UT-Austin Cockrell School of Engineering Tips

The Cockrell School is unique among UT-Austin colleges and schools because they admit all of their applicants based on their first-choice major rather than the overall pool of engineering applicants. When applying, it’s important that you select two engineering disciplines. It’s essentially the only college/school where your second choice major might be offered. In recent cycles, applicants have been given architectural and civil engineering, sometimes when they didn’t even ask for it.

In 2016, Cockrell received a little over 11,000 applicants and admitted approximately 3,000 students. It wouldn’t surprise me for Fall 2022 if application numbers exceeded 17,000 applications for a similar number of students. The overall admissions rate is almost certainly between 10 and 20 percent, but the rates for each major vary drastically.

Below is my best and very-imperfect approximation of which majors are more or less competitive relative to the others. We have no way to know the exact numbers, and as I reference in the intro with very high Petroleum Engineering applicants in 2011 and relatively low numbers nowadays, engineering interest tends to shift each year. For example, Aerospace didn’t use to be especially challenging, but in recent years it is in higher demand, but not to the same degree as electrical/computer or even mechanical.

Mechanical engineering has the most students and applicants, so I use it as my competitiveness benchmark. There is also no way to know just how competitive biomedical is over electrical/computer, but my intuition is that, given the tiny enrollment size of biomedical, it is either somewhat or substantially more competitive than electrical/computer.

Historically, my engineering clients have done well. Since each major has drastically different admissions rates, the chart below of their outcomes is a little less helpful than for the other programs. 36 out of 52 have gained admission (69%).

Still, it’s instructive to visualize that great academics and essays are no guarantees of admission.

Here are also my rules of thumb for assessing whether an applicant is competitive for their desired major that corresponds with how I perceive the relative competitiveness of each program. Parameters updated for Fall 2023 applicants.

It is critical that you do your research before applying. Reviewers have high expectations that you have a clear idea why you are applying to your desired engineering discipline and how you hope a UT education helps you after graduation.

Unlike other universities, UT requires students to choose an engineering discipline as a HS senior with the expectation that they remain with it for all four years. Mechanical Engineering is the most popular and in-demand option because it offers the most career flexibility. They also have flexible curriculum options through the Career Gateway Electives that may appeal to students who have interdisciplinary interests.

Consider discussing your physics and math classes and perhaps an influential teacher. Share an anecdote of a particularly memorable project or independent study. If you’ve taken engineering electives, discuss any relevant themes and how they’ve helped shape your future studies and goals. Write about robotics, engineering competitions, research projects, tutoring, and anything else relevant to STEM.

You should research the different curricula and resources for the many Engineering majors to choose the one that’s your best fit. One way to articulate why you want to study something or pursue a path is to, in your essays, acknowledge a few alternatives and why they interest you less.

In your essays, tell your reviewer Why UT by identifying a few specific professors, research opportunities, student organizations, etc., that interest you. Pinpointing reasons why you’re applying will help separate your application from others. Saying “UT is the best Engineering program in Texas” or “Austin is a wonderful city” is not enough.

Also consider discussing how you bring a unique perspective to campus and classroom discussions and how you see yourself as a leader on UT’s campus.

For your resume, it is important to expand upon and elaborate as much as possible any relevant Engineering specific or STEM experience generally and how they support your first choice major. I understand not everyone will have relevant experience, but a record of pursuing your interests can be a difference maker.

Possible Alternatives to studying Computer Science or Cockrell Engineering

Themes related to automation, robotics, data analysis, electronics, game design, and many other broadly related Computer Science fields often live in different UT departments or have interdisciplinary curricula. If you feel that Computer Science is too competitive, or your interests are more narrowly tailored, you might try related majors like:

• McCombs Management Information Systems (MIS)

• College of Fine Arts, BS in Arts and Entertainment Technology

• College of Natural Sciences, BS in Applied Mathematics or Actuarial Sciences

• College of Natural Sciences, BS in Physics or Chemistry on the Computation stream

• College of Natural Sciences, BS in Computational Biology

• College of Natural Sciences, BS in Space Sciences, Physics

• Environmental Science in the College of Natural Sciences, College of Liberal Arts, or the Jackson School of Geosciences

• Geological Sciences or Geosystems Engineering, Jackson School of Geosciences

• Urban Studies, College of Liberal Arts

• Geography, College of Liberal Arts

• Informatics

• Majoring in anything else and pursuing an 18-hour Computer Science Certificates on the following topics: Applied Statistical Modeling, The Elements of Computing, Scientific Computations and Data Sciences.

• Bridging Disciplines Program Certificates in Design Strategies, Digital Arts and Media, Smart Cities, Innovation/Creativity/Entrepreneurship

Getting into UT-Austin’s College of Natural Sciences (CNS)

CNS has the highest enrollment of any UT college/school, and they also receive the most applications. Years ago, CNS majors used to be included in the top 6% guarantee, but not anymore. Highly-qualified top 6% applicants are routinely rejected to the largest majors like biology and chemistry. Only in the previous few cycles have I received significantly more interest in CNS admissions as communities and schools note the increasing competition landscape. I had nine CNS clients for the Fall 2022 cycle compared with two in 2017, excluding computer science.

I alluded in the introduction to how we don’t know which CNS majors UT separates out. Computer Science applicants are for sure compared with one another, and I also have reason to believe that neuroscience admissions works in the same way. It’s possible that environmental science and math are also considered. So when families ask me which majors among biology, chemistry, or physics are the most competitive, we have no way to know. However, generally speaking, outside of CS and neuroscience, your major choice is unlikely to influence your admissions chances relative to other CNS options.

Given ambiguities around which CNS majors may be more or less competitive, my best advice is to choose the major that you feel you’d be content spending four or five years studying, taking exams, and conducting undergraduate research. Changing majors within Natural Science once you’ve enrolled used to be straightforward, but not anymore. Most majors require an application and is not guaranteed.

Note that anyone from any major can pursue Pre-Med or other Pre-Health Professions. You DO NOT need to be a biology major to go to medical school. Anyone in any college/school can complete the pre-med prerequisites. Selecting a pre-med interest in Apply Texas does not influence your admissions in any way.

My advice about needing relevant experiences and a substantive STEM transcript for CS and Engineering applies to CNS as well. It is essential to have a STEM-oriented application. Some top 2%/1550 students may be able to get CNS majors without a STEM resume, but it is increasingly more difficult. Even students in the top 10% with a 1450 face an uphill climb and should consider CNS a reach.

You will find the official CNS admissions advice very helpful.

Some relevant experiences and ECs to pursue and possibly include in your essays

• Shadowing physicians and clinics

• Volunteering at hospitals, science museums, and public health outreach efforts

• Hosting or participating in medical fundraisers

• Working at the front office in a medical setting

• Taking AP biology/chemistry/physics and related electives like medical terminology, medical rotation, health sciences, etc.

• HOSA competitions and related school health clubs

• Summer programs that explore life, health, and medical sciences

• Research opportunities like UT-Austin’s High School Research Summer Academy

• Competing in various science fair competitions

• Conducting independent research or more formally as part of an AP Research class or other advanced science class

• UIL Math and Science or Science Olympiad competitions

• Completing Coursera or EdX open courseware curriculum or certificates related to your future major(s)

• Honors societies like Mu Alpha Theta or Science National Honors Society

The Freshman Research Initiative (FRI)

FRI is UT-Austin’s flagship undergraduate research program aiming to ease the transition from high school to campus while getting students connected with mentors and research projects right away. The program offers an Honors-Like experience and provides a lot of opportunities and a smaller community than if you didn’t participate. It isn’t the only way to participate in research, but it streamlines the process. Browsing some Reddit posts may help give you an idea of the pros/cons and the student experience.

It started when I was a UT student as a pilot project and has since ballooned into a highly desirable opportunity. I include FRI in this post because many years ago, any incoming CNS freshman who wanted it could enroll. Nowadays, like everything else, there are limited spaces and too much demand. Most students who apply gain entrance, but it’s not guaranteed. In some years, there is a lengthy waitlist.

FRI is not something you indicate on your initial application. Consequently, admitted CNS students are invited to apply in the spring of their HS senior year, requiring an additional set of materials beyond what you submitted on Apply Texas. It is important to apply as soon as you receive the invitation because it seems they admit students on a rolling basis. I don’t think FRI has access to your original Apply Texas materials, so you’re probably safe with repurposing what you already wrote, perhaps for your Major short answer if it is applicable.

Interested in working together?